Class 9 Science Revision Notes

Matter in Our Surroundings

Matter in Our Surroundings Notes

Matter in Our Surroundings — Notes Matter is anything that has mass and occupies space. It is made of tiny particles with spaces between them, which are in constant motion and att…

Is Matter Around Us Pure?

Is Matter Around Us Pure? Notes

Is Matter Around Us Pure? — Notes Pure substances and mixtures A pure substance has only one kind of particle (elements and compounds). A mixture contains two or more substances m…

Atoms and Molecules

Atoms and Molecules Notes

Atoms and Molecules — Notes Laws of chemical combination Law of conservation of mass: mass is neither created nor destroyed in a chemical reaction. Law of constant proportions: a…

Structure of the Atom

Structure of the Atom Notes

Structure of the Atom — Notes Sub atomic particles An atom contains protons (positive), neutrons (neutral) in the nucleus, and electrons (negative) revolving around it. Models of…

The Fundamental Unit of Life

The Fundamental Unit of Life Notes

The Fundamental Unit of Life — Notes The cell is the basic structural and functional unit of life. Types of cells Prokaryotic cells lack a true nucleus (bacteria); eukaryotic cell…

Tissues

Tissues Notes

Tissues — Notes A tissue is a group of similar cells performing a specific function. Plant tissues Meristematic tissue has dividing cells responsible for growth (apical, lateral,…

Motion

Motion Notes

Motion — Notes Distance and displacement Distance is the total path length (a scalar); displacement is the shortest distance from start to end with direction (a vector). Speed, ve…

Force and Laws of Motion

Force and Laws of Motion Notes

Force and Laws of Motion — Notes Newton's laws First law (inertia): a body stays at rest or in uniform motion unless acted on by an unbalanced force. Second law: force equals the…

Gravitation

Gravitation Notes

Gravitation — Notes Universal law of gravitation Every object attracts every other object with a force where is the universal gravitational constant. Free fall and weight Objects…

Work and Energy

Work and Energy Notes

Work and Energy — Notes Work Work is done when a force moves an object: (force × displacement in the direction of force). The SI unit is the joule (J) . No work is done if there i…

Sound

Sound Notes

Sound — Notes Nature of sound Sound is a longitudinal wave produced by vibrating bodies; it needs a medium and cannot travel in a vacuum. It travels as compressions and rarefactio…